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30.20 Valuing, Capitalizing, Depreciating and Reconciling Capital Assets |
30.20.10
October 1, 2018 |
How to value capital assets |
Capital assets should be valued at cost including all ancillary charges necessary to place the asset in its intended location and condition for use. Determine the value of capital assets in the following manner: |
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30.20.10.a |
Purchased assets. Use historical costs including all nonrefundable purchase taxes (e.g., sales taxes), and all appropriate ancillary costs less any trade discounts or rebates. If the historical cost is not practicably determinable, use the estimated cost. If land is purchased, the capitalized value is to include the purchase price plus costs such as legal fees, filing, and excavation costs incurred to put the land in condition for its intended use. The cost of the land also includes indefinite land use rights, such as easements, mineral, timber, and water rights, acquired with the purchase of the underlying land. Land use rights acquired separately from a land purchase and those with definite useful lives are classified as intangible assets. Building costs include both acquisition and capital improvement costs, including, in enterprise and trust funds, net construction period interest. Capital improvements include structures (e.g., office buildings, storage quarters, and other facilities) and all other property permanently attached to, or an integral part of, the structure (e.g., loading docks, heating and air-conditioning equipment, and refrigeration equipment). Agencies have the option of capitalizing buildings by components when the useful lives of the components vary. Furniture, fixtures, or other equipment not an integral part of a building are not considered capital improvements and should be classified as equipment. The cost for this asset type reflects the actual or estimated cost of the asset. Software, licenses of commercially available software, patents, and other purchased intangible assets that do not meet the definition of an investment are valued at historical cost, including all appropriate ancillary costs. |
30.20.10.b |
Self-constructed assets, including internally developed computer software. Capitalize all direct costs and agency project management costs associated with a construction/development project. Agency project management costs may be capitalized in one of two ways:
In enterprise and trust funds, include net interest costs incurred during the period of construction in the capitalized cost of the asset, if material. Capitalized interest on assets constructed with tax-exempt borrowing should be netted against any interest earned on the investment of the proceeds of the related tax-exempt borrowings. Interest costs are always recorded as expenditures in governmental fund type accounts and as expenses in internal service funds. Refer to Subsection 85.85.50. Once identifiable as defined in Subsection 30.20.20, costs incurred for the development of internally generated intangible assets are capitalized only upon the occurrence of all of the following criteria; costs incurred prior to meeting these criteria are not capitalized:
Specifically with respect to internally developed computer software, there are three stages involved in the development and installation:
Computer software should be considered “internally developed” if developed in-house or by a third party contractor on behalf of the government. Commercially available software that is purchased or licensed and modified using more than minimal incremental effort before being put into operation is considered internally generated. For accounting for the construction of capital assets, refer to Subsection 85.60.90.
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30.20.10.c |
Ancillary costs. Normally, ancillary costs should be included in the cost of a capital asset. Ancillary costs are normal or necessary costs required to place the asset in its intended location and condition for use. However, minor ancillary costs, not measurable at the time a capital asset is recorded in an authorized property inventory system, are not required to be capitalized but may be capitalized if the information becomes readily available. Ancillary costs include such items as: For land:
For infrastructure:
For buildings and improvements other than buildings:
For furnishings, equipment, intangibles, collections, and other capital assets:
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30.20.10.d |
Donated capital assets, works of art and historical treasures are valued at their estimated acquisition value on the date of donation, plus all appropriate ancillary costs.
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30.20.10.e | Capital assets for income purposes. Capital assets acquired or created primarily for the purpose of obtaining income or profit should be valued pursuant to the investment policy in Section 85.52. |
30.20.20
October 1, 2018 |
When to capitalize assets |
The state’s capitalization policy is as follows:
For capital assets acquired by and used in the operations of governmental fund type accounts, record the value of the assets in the General Capital Assets Subsidiary Account (Account 997). Refer to Subsection 85.60.30.a. Although small and attractive assets do not meet the state’s capitalization policy above, they are considered capital assets for purposes of marking and identifying capital assets (refer to Section 30.30), inventory records requirements (refer to Section 30.40), and physical inventory counts (refer to Section 30.45). Close out the construction in progress and capitalize the costs into the appropriate asset classification when a project is substantially complete, accepted, and placed into service. Refer to Subsection 85.65.64. |
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30.20.20.a |
New acquisitions. Capitalize new acquisitions that meet the state's capitalization policy as stated above. Additions, improvements, repairs, or replacements to existing capital assets are not considered new acquisitions and are discussed below. |
30.20.20.b |
Additions. Capitalize expansions of or extensions to an existing capital asset when the cost of the addition meets the state's capitalization policy above. |
30.20.20.c |
Extraordinary repairs, betterments, or improvements – Capitalize outlays that increase future benefits from an existing capital asset beyond its previously assessed standard of performance if the outlays meet the state's capitalization policy as stated above. Increased future benefits typically include:
Leasehold improvements that meet the state's capitalization policy are recorded to General Ledger Code 2350 "Leasehold Improvements." |
30.20.20.d |
Replacements. For building and improvements other than buildings, capitalize the cost of outlays that replace a part of another capital asset when the cost of the replacement is $100,000 or more and at least 10 percent of replacement value of the asset. Example: A $120,000 replacement of a heating system in a building having a replacement value of $1.5 million would not be capitalized. In this case $120,000 is not at least 10 percent of the building's replacement value. Had the building's replacement value been less than $1.2 million, the $120,000 heating system replacement would have been capitalized. Exceptions to this policy are:
Remove the capitalized value and the associated accumulated depreciation of the replaced capital asset or original building component from the accounting records if the amounts are determinable, and capitalize the cost of the replacement. Refer to Subsection 85.60.50. |
30.20.20.e |
Bulk purchase. For proprietary fund type accounts, bulk purchases of like capital assets with unit costs of less than $5,000 may be capitalized as a group where the allocation of costs for the bulk assets over time is matched to the corresponding revenue generated by the bulk assets. For other fund type accounts, bulk purchases are capitalized when the purchase is made using the Office of the State Treasurer’s (OST) Certificate of Participation (COP) program. Refer to Subsection 30.20.50. |
30.20.20.f |
Collection. Capitalize art collections, library reserve collections, and museum and historical collections when the conditions described in Subsection 30.20.22 are not met. Agencies meeting these conditions have the option of capitalizing their collections. Library resources are capitalized and may be carried on the agency’s property records as a single item. |
30.20.22July 1, 2001 |
Assets not capitalized |
30.20.22.a |
Art collections, library reserve collections, and museum and historical collections that are considered inexhaustible, in that their value does not diminish over time, are not required to be capitalized if all of the following conditions are met:
Agencies must be able to provide descriptions of the collections and the reasons the collections are not capitalized. |
30.20.22.b |
While these collections are not required to be capitalized, they are to be catalogued per Subsection 30.40.10. |
30.20.30
July 1, 2014 |
Definition of a capital lease |
A capital lease is a lease that transfers substantially all the benefits and risks inherent in the ownership of property to the state. A lease must meet one or more of the following four criteria to qualify as a capital lease:
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30.20.40
March 17, 2010 |
Accounting for capital leases |
30.20.40.a |
When the state's capitalization policy (refer to Subsection 30.20.20) is met:
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30.20.40.b |
If a lease meets the requirements of a capital lease per Subsection 30.20.30, record a capital lease between state agencies as follows:
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30.20.40.c |
Capital leases are to be used only to acquire capital assets. Refer to Subsection 30.20.20. |
30.20.50
July 1, 2009 |
Capital assets acquired through Certificates of Participation (COP) |
Capital assets acquired through OST’s Certificate of Participation (COP) program are to be capitalized. Refer to Subsections 30.20.20.e, 85.60.80, and 85.72.40. |
30.20.60
June 1, 2012 |
Accounting for infrastructure |
30.20.60.a |
In accordance with the Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement Number 34, acquisitions of capital assets defined as infrastructure, which meet the state's capitalization policy, are to be capitalized. |
30.20.60.b |
The state highway system operated by the Department of Transportation is classified by the state as Transportation Infrastructure-Modified Approach. Refer to Subsection 30.20.80. |
30.20.60.c |
All transportation-related infrastructure not included in Subsection 30.20.60.b and all non-transportation infrastructure assets are required to be depreciated. Refer to Subsection 30.20.70. |
30.20.70
July 1, 2012 |
Depreciation policy |
30.20.70.a |
Calculate and record depreciation or amortization for all depreciable capital assets refer to Subsection 85.60.40. Non-depreciable capital assets include:
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30.20.70.b |
Depreciation normally begins when an asset is purchased or completed, and accepted. However, if it is not placed into service immediately, depreciation should begin when the asset begins to lose value. Either option should be applied consistently and should be reasonable in the circumstance. Depreciation may be calculated using either the straight-line or composite method.
Salvage value is an estimate of the amount that will be realized at the end of the useful life of a depreciable asset. For example, if the average useful life of library resources, or portion thereof, was estimated to be 25 years, an annual depreciation rate of 4 percent would be used. The annual depreciation expense would be calculated by multiplying the annual depreciation rate by the cost of the collection. |
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30.20.70.c |
Useful life for capital assets – Agencies are required to use the useful life shown in Schedule A, Capital Asset Class Code List and Useful Life Schedule (Subsection 30.50.10.a) for capital assets acquired in new condition. For energy efficiency equipment and products, refer to the Addendum to Schedule A (Subsection 30.50.10.b). However, a shorter or longer estimated life may be used depending on factual circumstances, replacement policies, or industry practices. Proposed deviation in useful life from Schedule A requires prior written approval from the OFM Accounting Division. When establishing an asset’s useful life:
For depreciation purposes, the useful life of assets should be reviewed to ensure it has remained the same. Impairment of assets or changes in contractual provisions may impact the useful life and remaining depreciation.
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30.20.80June 1, 2002 |
Non-depreciable transportation-related infrastructure assets reported using the modified approach |
The state capitalizes the state highway system as a class of infrastructure assets and reports these assets using the "modified approach" to depreciation. Under the modified approach, these infrastructure assets are not depreciated as long as two requirements are met:
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30.20.90
July 1, 2012 |
Impairment of capital assets and related insurance recoveries |
30.20.90.a |
A capital asset is considered to be impaired if the asset experiences a significant and unexpected decline in its service utility. The service utility of a capital asset is the expected usable capacity at acquisition. A capital asset may be impaired due to events or changes in circumstances, such as physical damage, obsolescence or changes in technology, enactment or approval of laws or regulations or other changes in environmental factors, a change in manner or duration of use, or a construction stoppage. A capital asset that becomes impaired is to be revalued to reflect its decline in service utility. Refer to Subsection 85.60.45. |
30.20.90.b |
Insurance recoveries related to impaired assets are reported net of the related loss when the recovery is realized or realizable in the same fiscal year as the loss. Otherwise, restoration or replacement costs of an impaired capital asset are reported as a separate transaction from the related insurance recovery. Contact your assigned OFM Accounting Consultant when you have a material impairment. |
30.20.95
July 1, 2012 |
Reconciliation of capital assets |
Agencies are to reconcile the balance in GL Code Series 2XXX "Capital Assets" to the balance of the detail listing of capital assets in the agency’s authorized capital asset management system. Agencies using the state’s Capital Asset Management System (CAMS) have available capital asset reports for both cost and depreciation showing beginning balances, additions, deletions, and ending balances. Agencies not using CAMS are to develop similar capital asset reports. Refer to Subsection 85.60.60. ER reports to use: Financial Reports/Accounting/Capital Asset Management. |